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A oCi Cpk kok lz ClJ DwC ok pC  P@vC kok @C
S Cpk DJ ok oDh  A Cpk vp qC kpG FCh@
C  PvC DwC kok C lzDF Oo p@ C @@Z ok @ P@vC@C
lCl DwC Co C pk DDwC CpF lzDF DwC F  PvCkok
CpF lzDF DDwC kok lCl DwC lzD@F @C qC p@@ @Zp@ 
.pkDDwC
PvC ()  kok p MkDz
wC   ul kV ok D@ o@@F Co @@@ @C D@ 
D ,Pzn  pF  Do oDG D phA DiF@
 ClDh CpF  PzCk pk D  C CpF kF pkDo
kF ECpC  pk  DF CN Do oDG D C qo D@@qC
MDN pk DDo D  DF @ yo D@@o D@ A@Z
: pm  CF Co yC Dp DOl@h qC @@P@zCk
:lDp
  DA C C CpO C uDC HwdC C ,lz qD pz A @C
 Cl nC C  G  nC DO l@@  @@O@@
  F PvC w F EDh  ⁽⁷⁾ FmDC@@@@
J ph koA Ci J DA CpF DqA D lCkp@ D@@h
qC lF  l lz qD A C DN lDp@() @@ ,@oA@
p lA J PC C CpF orF DDqA DO pG@J
PwZ PvC lA A C ok  aA qC k@@C @vo D@ kp@
 PC  qC lF ⁽⁸⁾(lF  NvOC C  D) kp@
pGJ F :lDp DWA ok  lp oCpDqA  DeOC ko@
lkF p 70 llz lz ldC ok p AC vo D kp p
 lkF ldC DDp DA kF HClG rd DA uCo ok 
PdCoD h  MkDz lz ok  qC  lDpe  C qC 
kp p Dz F  l D  C F CpZ  ldC ok lz
l lz DWC ok Dd :kp lz Op@ qC @@ @C Cp@Z
 ldC ok  ODd ok lz Ch lzClh Co ok N ,pC P@G@D@
lqp  PvC kp UCkqC (u) CpqDF qDN ,P@vC @D@v 25 C@V
C orF qoA  CV kCDh ,GOW DC .PzCl pOF
, lz N  lkp pGJ !kFlz Clh Co ok  PvC
,kF lCh Z N pG MkDz d ok,pG  kp@ l@@F
C  F pGC C  Cn x Cvo D kp p @
?Ow oCnvDKv Z lDpF  pGZ lDp ,pC
()  Do phA
D CpF phA Do  .PvC pz DV ,Pw pG DV DW@C
DpGhpRC ok pk  ECpC OF C CpF  P@zCk p@@k
 PwClwC   kh    lkF kCk pC pGJ
EDeC PF C F ok ECpC  OdCoD  kp oDC D
phA DoD ok  P GW DrZ kF lz ClJ @kr@
lkoiCn  h  lkF D DV  ok Gz p ,p@@
 lkpPo C DeF  Phv olJ Dd F Dk D@@a@F @C
kploi Cn  olC CpZ Dz DV olJ lkp@@@ C@v
lzDF vpz   MD Co kh Clh Dd ok Ci
D D kr oDOC PvC oDOC   CpF ll@@
pGJGGd PvC kCk pGh F  A P  DvA F kp
,PvCkr ,PvC kr Pw ok C iv ,PvC O@@ P@vCo
JllA DaF kF lvo  Do oDG D kq@ H@z
() wdDC ,lkF  Plh ok Hz qC vDJ DN DaF  () @
 lFChDGz PzCk    Dzkh DiF l@O@o
yCDOVC  lqDoD l oD ykh DoD qC  O
q () wd DC ,EDFoCEo DF qCo Mh ok   ok P@p@@
 olJ  F Ow Po olJ J lA kF kp  f@G@
Dh CpOdC lkF ()CpqkC qC  Clqp CpF C pC
d DC ok Co pGJ CpOdC DC ok Co ()Cpq Cp@O@dC  P@zCk
DC  O) Hk DV pwJ kp ylqp F lkp@@
C vo D P v  A  C C vo  fw xDV
C lFC P  kCDklC  oC  OC  PCmD@
⁽⁹⁾( Cpz lFC  Cph F
() pC pGDJ DF Do D ok ()  k kok
Do D ok Co pGDJ k  kpF FCh kF Ow  o@@
Dk h Z N PC C Pvk qC  C vo D kp@ p@l@k
 lClh  DA pF kp p , p lkp Mpd,koh
PvC HW DC  lOvpF DA pF Co D DwC   kpFD@A qC Co
 Co CpF kp kG kDA  DF kp D D ,@C
 k F kp C  k h C OzCn DA DJ J ok@
A  Dp A  D A DOF   D EDeCA lkp@
Dk Dpq A qC  PvC D MDk qC  D@,D@@O@D@@V
Co DoD D lr NA Co  k DrZ Z l@@@@P@vC
qC  Dul h C UoCh C oD phA C  kpD@@i@
DF lkp wN  pN Co  h  DC  lD@ o
Mpd lF Co C pC HD DwC O@D@@C  @@
Z F l eN Co PG ol C koCl PD   l@@@
lF Do D ok Co pC pGDJ Dd Co ykh kkok lF w
C olZ ,klC oC  OC  P CmD Cvo D l@
DV pwJ kp lF DC DF F Z lkp @k @F @h @N P@C
 DC F  p DV  P kCk oOvk  @F Ml@V
Cph F C lFC @kF C  p kpp Do D@ ok @
Co  p pNkq Z p Clh  CpzF Cl@FC  @@@
D OwDz DC  l wCo w D D@@C p@F  l@D@vp@F
ll go ECpC  pk olZV C DF  PvC  lCDd
:lDp lCl DFDp pF lA
Cl C F :l ,⁽¹⁰⁾fC DGON fC D @@k
 ok DDwC pd Cl  l   P@vCp@
DV olJ lOp Co CpC V l@l@A .k@@@l@@@F D@V
F Co pk p  OwDF DOd  lWw F lpFDz @oCn@@@
lF Co pGd F lV CkCq pCh lkpC OvpF P@FD@@
 lkp lkp  Dzkh lF kp DF lCiFPDV qD kpF
l Cp Co Dz w llF qDVC lkp@ p@,o@ k@h
l Cp Cp w Chph kp
kz D oDkopJ D CpF () CpC
kp  PvC ykh D pGN C PvC DDF Hz C CpF 
pOwF ok  C qC lF ⁽¹¹⁾lV HD@  ko EoD@@ C P@@D@
p pF  PFp C w CliF l Co DV C PvCkD@O@C
S lvo ykh  F  kF zD S  S lzkoC 
 h DN kkp FA DZ DGk D Hz ok  k@F@w@ A
ClJ Co EA DZ A oDN A ok pC kpF DWA F  koCkpF Co Dph
iz D S   S@ k@@@ D@e@z@hol@@Z l@@
:lDd.PvC

lkCk NDW  qC pev P yk

lkCk NDd EA Hz P ColC

Gz lhp Z  kF pev oDG Z

lkCk NCpF qDN C  ol Hz A

:l koCk Co 
PzCk DW Z C  lCk Clh o@ k@h @ l@k@p@
 Co H qCo A  kp z h  l ykhOGC
C F lCl DVC  lCO F Co MDh @@@
kDOvC oC GC X qC Pw@ @Cp@F @or@F QkC@d@
h (DhC C C FC  pC Cn   eC PqD)k@@@
kp DFC Clh  oDF PvlF Co oD C DF  pv  kpz@
P Co fG CmC ykh lA  lA lF DhC Co pv CC rV
lF Co (pGC C ,pGC C) kDp mD DF Po kF fG CmCkr
,fG C P  kp DdClh k lKv A DF P  CmCkp
PvC kD Z Dk C F   qo qC pW C klK@v C
C  lzDF ECh  Z  pW qC lF N  PvCkF qo DA
ok Po lCh ECiF  CpF  Z C qC lFk l@@K@v
:lDp DJ lA mD qCkoCk  O

lDWC C Gv Ch

ldCC p lG  C 

⁽¹²⁾lVDwC C uDC  
  CF Co ykh qD@F ,l@@@ qD@F Co l@D@W@ @@ Co
PJ O  ,Pw DECpC ,Dpk ,l NlDW@
VO Co  kDp  P  Pw D d D@W@@C p@v
DoC C  PlN) PvC laJ DV  ok  llz Cl@kp@
 F O RC pC PC  OC C Pw@@C l@@C
zC O NpC  O GOWC @C @O@@@@@@C
C  ok  PvC D DwC  C  GD ⁽¹³⁾(DzC
C Co ok  OzCk p ok Co Clh  D pAvDd  MCqoDG
 oD DN D DwC  PvC ,lOzCl CCr@Z b@@ qC
AlC DwC  Dl cC F DDwC PhDz
PvC P qCok ykh CpF DwC C 
 PvC P qCok ykh Cp@F @@@@ yk@h D@w@C
D  k P@@@ @D@ koC D@V A qC D@w@C @ CqCokA
ykh DwC  C qC k l ok Co PC
ykh kV qCok qC  PvC kF P@@@@ qCok yk@hCp@F
DwC kV ok  PvC C PvC kp   lk Co @@@D@
 lA ok oV kD D EDwd DF FDwd  koCk kVDr@Z
 xC p D  lF Dh DN   P@vC @@i@v@C
cpC p D qC oDwF F lCO l cp@C@p@@
PD DrZ  DwC ok  loCk CpOC H C F l@l@V
 ll D lA ok oV Dk C kD DFDwdDF  k@
:lDp  pC pGDJ loCk iv PvC oD ok pkEDwd 
.Fo p l wp 
oF p Ap lvDz Co Clh lvDF Co yk@h @ @w@ p@
qDF CDClV EDwd  D DzC  FD ok DwC CpF@@
lW Ap pGN C Ow  DClV koCk FDwd DwC PvCkp
GO Od wC   DC DN DA pv lDp lGF Co
D ⁽¹⁴⁾lz z   C FpF @ @C @e@C@C @@
kp kh u ok  l CoC PG D okCo kh DD@
PvC kp DF CDClV EDwd  CDClVDF  DF Co DV C
 DA i cC D MDFkC ok  PvClz HGv A @ 
wC Dw  DA Dw l,l ClJ Co xC
!lA ok oV okD DFDwd DF  CDw DwC DzqoC
ok  DrZ A D rZ A l@@@F D@@z P@vC @@@ D@d
kD DFDwd DF  PvC kV DwC x ok PvC kVD@w@C
Ch D  koCk qCok DOvCk C ?PwZ Pw VNFD@
kD DFDwd DF  DrZ A qC  F H@ A koC@@
w pk MoDG F  PvC DwC DzqoC w lA ok o@V
PvC GW rZ PwC w  ykh C  PvC DwCPD@w@C
 CF ykh CpF lF lpF  kV p CpvDz @
CpF J  DO D D S Pw pnJ DCP@
ClJ GvC CN pk D HvC CpF GvC v CpF v@@@J
lzDF OzCl Pv   ClJ v lzDF OzCl PGvC @@
  PvC DwC C  lzDF OzCl PJ  ClJ J
DA D  DrZ A C CpF PDwC D lzDF DwC PvC
 lk Piz DwC F  DrZ A Cl DwC PDwCCo
 DrZ A F PvC Dw@C @i@z @ @ D@r@@ZA
DF  PvC DrZ wv  C PvC D@w@C P@@@i@z@
Pw uwe PvC kD p kz Pvok DwC kDDOhDv
N C DF PvC pF C DF PvC DwC C DF Pwu@@@
CpF u pC   uwe pC  Dd  ok DC F koCk
.MDkD  PvC MD jv qC pk MoDGFPw pF
DwC F  PvC DwC PD@w@C @ @ D@r@@Z A D@@D@R 
DwC P   ll P DwC F  llP@@@i@z
OhDv x b PvlF  k OhDv PG PvlFPw Dw@C
DwC h  k OhDv DwC kh PvlF   k@@
J  D F ykh kV qCok  PvC PqCok yk@h
PvC kpF
PvC DwC DzqoC  lZ kF kok HdD
:lDp wC  DpC v F  O DC loCk pGN
D DF C D D p
OhDz Pw DV C ok  Co aA Co qC Pw@ D@W@A ok @ @a@A
DzqoC DA F  DrZ A PvC w  ykh C k
 CO  PvC oDwF PvC DwC P  lD@w@C
HdD  OzCk kok yqoC A  kp h yqoC  okCo D@@zqoC
TeF DwC DzqoC F VCo Dk ok  GO p@ P@vCk@F kok
kok  DwC ok  PvC kp VN H@@@ @C@F P@vC kp@
 pk oClDV p DF DwC Oi Dkok CoDPvC kCk i@N
PFp kok PwZ DwC DwC kok A PwZ kokA ?pk C@@d
qC  PvC Od  DwC  p A qC ,DVC DF P@vC D@w@C
lz ClV  ykh C qC  ODvo CpF PvClA pk Dk @
m C ok  PvC C qC lD ok C  PvClD@ ok  P@vC
lpA PFp uDwdC C ok lpA D C ok lpA C ok l@p@A
lpA  F PqDF  ,C F PqDF F @@ C ok P@vC
 qC PvC lpA Clh F PqDF ,d F P qDF  @
F pk oDF lCi  PvC lA Dh DF  PvC lz lCo OF
kG kF   lA  kkppFykh k P@@@F A
Co C  CpW C Dd p F PvCkF ODvo CpF lA PvC
kok  PvC Clh kok  HO CG@ D@w@C kok koCk P@dCoD@
 DC Eo oCV  d Ep FPqDF   PvC @d qC ok
C p F lvpF D pF  lvpF D p F @ p@ D@w@C
PvC lvp F  l uDwdC qDF lvpF
PvC  l D C l
DN Co rZ p koCl  PvC rZ HD  DwC l@@@
kq k lF lz CoCk Co rZ D  O  PvC C DChkoCl@
  PvC  p pC  C ,CpZ C k@@@ Cl@@J@Cp@F
 O  lzDF rZ  F  OG ok MCnDF k@V@
l ko  l kp ykh qC qDF Co C  lzDG C DC@hC @F l@vp@F
 V qC kp DzDN VoDh Dq qC  okP iz
DGq oDwF oDwF q   qC  lk DV A Co CwW@@
wW  PvC lFCh ECh PiN o  Dd ok lkF@O@hD@v
o DJ   Dd ok  PiN A o ok Co DGq C@V@
wW A qC  Co o  kF q o ypk DJ   kFPiN
,DWA qC l oCp koCk D  GDd F k@F l@Ckop@p@F@C
 yCpN pJ A  l Co C D lk Co C  P@
.PvC kF Z l OdDv CoDwW e C
yCpNpJ C  OvCh fN lkF @@  koC @ kCp@C qC
p p wWN C P ,@C qC P@vC @O@zCk k@@@@Z
koCk  Co rZ  p DwC l C  PvC@@C
C wF CCp   DF  CCp   DF CCp FnV DF ClOFC
D  k k  DWA ok lvo D F  kp@
 C  ODd ok ,oCp  pN  kq k qDA  PvC l
lCkp p w C ok pOk  DA PvC@G@ p@@ p@C
DaA DwC  PvC C w lCOlCkp@ @d Co @@w@
D zD lCN lzDF kle zDlCO  PvC k@V@
qC p  PvC  D zD DwC lzDFkle DFq F A  lzDF
 Pwpk rZ zD C
koCk DDwC  Mp ok o ( D) Clh F 
  w D PvC Clh zD P@vC @d MCm @zD@ ,D@w@C
CrvD Clh F  p Od PvC Cl@h @zD@ P@vC Cl@hp@@@
lG  l  CrvD  ll e  DDl
lC D zD DNp  ok  lCl ,lOwD@ Co
lC e F  kp  Co  kp@ @ Co@Co @
D OzCl Pvk Co ykh Clh qC p DwCb l @Fp@
Co Clh p  q PvC l ClJ p  Dk okDh p ldC HdC
DD C pq ok PvC lz DJ DO Clh lzDF OzCk P@vk
 Mp  qC Pw ykh  zD W l D@@h
 Clh vC  llD CpGDJ Cn PvCp@G@h @F yk@h Cl@V
F PvC DwC p p C llFkD DlF F Co Clh MkDG@
C lF  lk D PvCo qC Co XDCo  lClA CpG@D@@J
 D Co C C   DzD N kp DGO@zC D@w@C
P  PvC  D N CpFJ  Dh P@ @ P@vC
 D qC p  N PvC D N CpF DV  D@h
pF Co DDwC llA DGOzC qC  DGOzC Ci@ Co r@@Z
 lF pC  Clhkok A DwC z  DwC kok l@oD@@F
l ClJ Co ykh  kpF oD Z V qC DGOzC DkpJ
  ok S  lAok CDzD DNkDG D@ Mo@@F
C F N  CA nC,l Ap CpZ oCk Cpv wC
rZ  DF Cpe  CpelClF ⁽¹⁵⁾.EC N C p@n@F
pk qC  l ClJ MDWECpC qC  kp CoA p@@F H@@
pC pF l ApPvC ykh Clh D A  k@@@ UoD@h
F MpR S CDF  DoN C DF  Dp C DF  l@F D@@h
DZ D kF ZlvpF Do F S kp  C qC lvpF D@W@
MDDz  OdCoD ECpC qC  DvA D F lvp p@@F k@@F
Po lDG DCDGk  PvC DGOzC C l Ap lA p@@F
C DC kp eNlDF Co DC OGC lp DC DGk l Ap
pF  ll CoA DvA pF F  lOw DC  lF D@h
lz D ykhE DF  l uDwdC lvo @ D@V A
.lCkp DGOzC PvC